Noise Reduction Technical Guide

Understanding decibel reduction, acoustic glass specifications, and how to achieve optimal soundproofing with secondary glazing.

12 min readLast updated: December 2024

Understanding Decibels (dB)

The decibel scale is logarithmic, not linear. This means that a 10dB reduction represents a 50% reduction in perceived loudness, and a 20dB reduction means the noise seems 75% quieter.

Common Noise Levels

Quiet library30 dB
Normal conversation60 dB
Busy traffic70-80 dB
Tube train passing90-100 dB
Aircraft overhead100-120 dB

Key Insight: Secondary glazing typically achieves 35-45dB reduction, meaning a busy road at 80dB would sound like a quiet conversation at 35-45dB.

Acoustic Performance by Configuration

ConfigurationGap SizeGlass TypeRw (dB)
Single glazing onlyN/A4mm float25-28
Standard double glazing12-16mm4mm-4mm28-32
Secondary glazing (standard)100mm6mm float40-43
Secondary glazing (acoustic)100mm6.4mm laminated43-45
Secondary glazing (premium)150mm10.8mm laminated47-50

*Rw = Weighted Sound Reduction Index, the single-number rating for acoustic performance

Acoustic Glass Specifications

Standard Float Glass

  • Thickness: 4mm, 6mm, or 10mm
  • Performance: Good for general noise
  • Best for: Moderate traffic noise
  • Cost: Most economical

Laminated Acoustic Glass

  • Thickness: 6.4mm, 8.8mm, 10.8mm
  • Performance: Superior for all frequencies
  • Best for: Heavy traffic, railways, aircraft
  • Bonus: Enhanced security, UV protection

Why Laminated Glass Works Better

Laminated acoustic glass contains a special PVB (polyvinyl butyral) interlayer that absorbs sound vibrations. This is particularly effective at blocking low-frequency noise like bass from traffic, trains, and aircraft that standard glass struggles with.

The Importance of Air Gap Size

The air gap between your original window and secondary glazing is crucial for acoustic performance. Unlike double glazing (12-16mm gap), secondary glazing creates a much larger cavity.

50mm

Minimum effective gap

Basic improvement, suitable where space is limited

100mm

Optimal gap (recommended)

Best balance of performance and practicality

150mm+

Maximum performance

Ideal for severe noise problems, where space allows

Noise Frequency Considerations

Low-Frequency Noise is Harder to Block

Bass frequencies from HGVs, trains, and aircraft require thicker glass and larger air gaps than high-frequency noise.

Low Frequency (20-250Hz)

HGVs, trains, bass, aircraft

Solution: 10.8mm laminated + 150mm gap

Mid Frequency (250-2000Hz)

Cars, voices, general traffic

Solution: 6.4mm laminated + 100mm gap

High Frequency (2000Hz+)

Sirens, alarms, birdsong

Solution: 6mm float + 100mm gap

Testing Standards & Certifications

Our acoustic performance claims are verified according to international standards:

  • BS EN ISO 10140: Laboratory measurement of sound insulation
  • BS EN ISO 717-1: Rating of sound insulation (Rw calculation)
  • BS 8233:2014: Guidance on sound insulation in buildings

Related Resources

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